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One of the film's awe-inspiring scenes from Iceland. Here, Siggi Haugur walks into his favorite pool on the Hofsa River in Eastern Iceland.

RC Cone, the filmmaker that brought us Breathe -- a film that, through the lens of a month on some of Montana's greatest waters, reminds us why we go fishing -- has recently announced the release of his newest film, Tributaries. Tributaries travels the globe to some of fly fishing's greatest paradises: to the Bahamas in search of bonefish, to Argentina for big, beautiful Patagonian trout and to Iceland to chase elusive Atlantic salmon.

Like Breathe, Tributaries is about more than just fishing. Tributaries follows three guides as they make their way through their local waters and their local cultures and seeks to explore the commonalities shared by fly fishermen throughout the world. According to Cone, Tributaries is a continuation of the journey that started with Breathe, in which Cone explored what fly fishing meant to himself and anglers he met along the way in Montana. In Tributaries, Cone's goal was to look at the bigger picture.

"I wanted to explore the wider implications of fly fishing. How does our sport fit into the world? What is this worldwide community like? What are the differences and similarities on a global scale? Instead of a personal journey, I wanted to explore the world’s waters and the cultures that inhabit them," Cone said.

The wonderfully versatile RS2.

The RS2, a very effective pattern and a favorite of many an angler. It can be fished as a nymph, makes an excellent emerger pattern and can even be fished like a dry. It was created over forty years ago by Rim Chung. The RS2 stands for “Rim's Semblance 2” and will imitate a midge or mayfly. Since the original creation, which was tied with beaver fur for dubbing and saddle hackle for the wings, there has been many variations of this pattern.

Vary the pattern by changing the color, using different materials for the tail / wing, forgoing the bead, etc. But, despite the variations, what all RS2 flies have in common is their profile.

A few thoughts on fishing emergers

Why you should be fishing emergers, when and where
This pretty-spotted brown fell prey to my favorite emerger pattern, the Parachute Adams.

Emergers are one of my favorite kinds of flies to fish. This is most likely because, on many an occasion, they've rescued me from a seemingly endless run of failed attempts to match the hatch. It's possible I had indeed failed to properly discern which bug the fish were taking, instead selecting the wrong pattern. Perhaps I had misjudged the size. More likely, my attempts to select the correct dry fly failed because because the fish I was targeting weren't taking duns in the first place. They were taking emergers.

Ed Hepp and Tom Larimer of Oregon's Larimer Outfitters with a Sandy River steelhead.

Wild fish advocates all over the country and world have, for many years, been arguing that stocking hatchery fish in waters where wild fish populations exist poses a threat to those wild fish. As of yesterday, it appears as though the courts in the state of Oregon agree.

Via a ruling by District Court Judge Ancer Haggerty, the court sided with the the Native Fish Society and the McKenzie Flyfishers which claimed that hatchery operations on Oregon's Sandy River were harmful to the Sandy's wild steelhead and salmon, resulting in the defendants -- the Oregon Department of Fish and Wildlife and the National Marine Fisheries Service -- being in violation of both the Endangered Species Act and the National Environmental Policy Act.

Mike Moody, director of the Native Fish Society, noted in a statement released yesterday that "the science is irrefutable. The law is irrefutable. And, Judge Haggerty affirmed this. This is the most significant decision benefiting wild fish in Oregon in over a decade." Moody quoted Haggerty's ruling, which stated that "it is undisputed that hatchery operations can pose a host of risks to wild fish… it is clear that the Sandy River Basin is of particular importance to the recovery of the four [Endangered Species Act] listed species and is an ecologically critical area.”

Bristol Bay Rainbow Trout

The long awaited final scientific assessment of the potential impacts from large-scale mining in the Bristol Bay region of Alaska was released earlier this week by the United States Environmental Protection Agency. The pictured painted by the assessment is a grim one for the salmon of Bristol Bay, the ecosystem they drive and the native cultures and modern economies that depend on their survival and abundance.

The assessment states unequivocally that construction of a mine such as Pebble Mine, under the most extensive mining scenario, would result in the total loss of 94 miles of salmon-producing streams simply by virtue of the footprint required for mining operations to take place. Also resulting from the mine footprint would be streamflow alterations over 20 percent or more in 33 miles of streams and the loss of almost 5,000 acres of crucial wetland habitat.

The report goes on to detail a litany of additional negative impacts that could result from mining operations in the region, the majority of which are described by the report as "expected" or "likely" due to comparisons with the history of existing, similar mining operations. Detailed are impacts resulting from leakage during routine operations, wastewater treatment plant failures, spillway releases, culvert failures, pipeline failures, tailings dam failures, truck accidents and more.

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