First things first. If you’re a brand new fly fisherman, you might want to hold off on this piece. This is for folks who are already decent anglers, and who are willing to do everything possible to take things to the next level. If that describes you, and if you’re willing to put in the time, here’s the blueprint. What you do with it is completely up to you.

C — “C” stands for casting. It’s not enough to be a decent caster. You need to be excellent. So practice. Practice at home, or at the neighborhood park, or the local pond, or anywhere you can sneak in half an hour of casting on a regular basis. (A tip. You might want to find a place where you don’t need to worry about power lines, overhead limbs, aggressive dogs, alligators, snakes, quicksand or poison ivy.)

And don’t just practice the easy stuff. You need to do it all - reach casts, curve casts, puddle casts, double hauls, etc. Vary your distance, too. You want to be deadly from 15 feet out to 80 feet or so. You should be able to open your loop up or tighten it down, to throw casts under overhanging tree limbs, to huck bugs both big and small, to cast reasonably well with your off hand, to sling your flies into a stout wind, to feel your rod load regardless of how much line you have out … and that means hours and hours of practice. My advice is actually pretty simple. Play around. See what works, and what doesn’t. On occasion, set your rod aside, grab your reel, strip off some line and cast with your hands. Over-line or under-line your various rods and see what happens. The better you get and the more comfortable you are with a fly rod, the higher your ultimate ceiling.

C — “C” also stands for close. Honestly, it doesn’t take much talent to be a parking lot caster. I know a fair number of guys who can boom out casts on the asphalt - and most of them can’t fish worth a damn. You need to get it into your head that casting close and fishing close are vital if you want to take things to the next level. Unless you’re fishing with binoculars strapped to your face, you’re going to see more - and catch more fish - at 30 feet than you will at 70.

T — “T” is for time. There’s no substitute for time on the water. None. You can fish ten days a year and be an adequate angler. If you want to be great, though, you’re looking at a minimum of 50 days, with 100 being way better and 200 being better yet. Experience is the single greatest teacher and the only way you gain experience is by heading out with a fly rod in your hand.

B — “B” stands for bank. Plop your butt down on the bank and spend a fair amount of your time looking at the water right in front of you. Here’s a secret. This is the one step that everyone thinks they can skip. Here’s another secret. The really incredible anglers out there realize that observation and awareness are the single most important skills you can possess on a trout stream. So until you’ve trained yourself to observe what’s happening around you while you walk, wade or cast, you should sit your ass down on the bank and pay attention to what’s happening in your immediate vicinity. Ten minutes is a minimum. Half an hour is better.

V — “V” is for visualization. I’m assuming that, as a decent angler, you already know what you need to do to catch a particular fish. Now visualize that happening. Before you make a cast, you should know what that cast needs to look like. Same with the drift, or the swing, or the strip. You should always anticipate the strike, so that you’re ready to react when it happens. And if it doesn’t come, then you have to be able to reset and focus your undivided attention on the next cast.

S — “S” stands for stop sign. Flashing red light. Do not pass Go, do not collect $200. You’ll notice I mentioned “undivided attention” up above. That, my friends, is hugely important. The best anglers possess a single-mindedness that approaches mindlessness. There are no extraneous thoughts. Nothing intrudes. There’s no job, there’s no spouse or kid or paramour. There’s no concern for the next college football game, or your next meal, or the fact that your boss doesn’t pay you enough, or that your car needs new brakes. My apologies, but if you can’t put all that other stuff aside and focus on your fishing with a singular intensity, then you will never be a great angler. Absolute attention and focus are prerequisites; anything less is a deal breaker.

G — “G” is for generalist. Maybe you want to be a great dry fly angler, or perhaps you can’t wait to be a stud nymph fisherman. Doesn’t matter. You need to know it all. That’s the only way the picture will ever become complete, and it’s the only way you’ll ever figure out which styles of fishing you really, truly enjoy. Which means you need to dead-drift dry flies of all shapes and sizes, and skate them, and dead-drift nymphs, and swing nymphs and wet flies, and fish streamers fast & slow. An ace fly fisherman can tuck a hopper up against the bank at 80 feet, then swing a soft hackle as the hatch gets going, then fish PMDs to rising rainbows at 30 feet, then high stick a marabou streamer through a boulder garden as the sun drops and the big browns come out to hunt. You don’t have to love it all … but you have to know it all.

T — “T” is for tie your own flies. There may be a great angler out there who doesn’t tie his or her own flies, but I wouldn’t bet on it. It’s hard to really, truly understand how flies work until you create them yourself. If you have a vise and a little bit of skill, get to it. If not, it’s time to take the next step.

Q — “Q” is for questions. There are two specific ones that you should ask yourself on a regular basis while you fish. The first is pretty simple. What am I seeing? Unfortunately, most folks are more-or-less oblivious to everything that’s happening right in front of them. They fish by rote, with a basic paint-by-numbers approach. Ask yourself what you’re seeing, and then follow up with: “What is this telling me?” or “What am I learning here?” The water offers a million “tells” for anyone who pays attention, and your questions - and your subsequent answers - will point you towards the techniques and flies you need to use.

E — “E” is for equipment. Your rod should bend, you reel should turn, your line should float (if it’s a floating line) or sink (if it’s a sinking line). Find stuff you like, then buy it and use it. In spite of the fact that gear inspires a huge amount of magazine ink, not to mention a fair amount of angling-based envy, it’s relatively far down the list of what’s really important in taking that next big step.

L — “L” is for the last thing: Love. Love it. Love your time on the water. Love the fish you catch. Feel the passion; revel in it. Recognize that you are blessed to spend time on the stream, and that fishing for trout is about as cool a thing as you can do with waterproof pants on. Honestly, the more you love it, the better you’ll get - and the better you get, the more you’ll love it.

Oh, and don’t forget to fight for your trout fishing. If you cherish the places you fish, and the trout you target, then it’s time to stand tall. Fight for our rivers and streams, and vote for politicians who will protect our fisheries and leave something wonderful for future generations. It’s the very least we can all do.

Todd Tanner runs Conservation Hawks, a group of hard-core hunters and anglers devoted to defending our outdoor lifestyle and sporting heritage. He spent the early and mid-‘90s guiding fly fishermen on the Henry’s Fork, and his writing has graced the storied pages of magazines like Elite Garden Hackle, The Worm Dunker’s Journal, and Rippers. He is also a longtime columnist and senior editor for Chub & Sucker.